In the world of finance, investors look for ways to make more money while taking less risk. Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) have become a popular choice. But what are ETFs, and how can they change your investment strategy? Get ready to learn about the power of ETFs and how they can change how you invest.
ETFs mix the good parts of mutual funds and stocks. They let you easily create a balanced portfolio1. The first ETF, the SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY), showed the way for many others. Now, investors can choose from a wide range of ETFs that cover different assets, sectors, and strategies1. With ETFs, you can invest in everything from the whole market to specific industries or international markets. They offer the ease of trading like stocks.
Key Takeaways
- ETFs offer diversification, low costs, and ease of trading for investors.
- ETFs provide access to a wide range of asset classes, including stocks, bonds, commodities, and more.
- Passive ETFs tend to have lower fees compared to actively managed mutual funds.
- ETFs can be used to build a well-balanced investment portfolio with minimal complexity.
- ETFs are traded on exchanges, providing liquidity and the ability to buy and sell throughout the trading day.
As you learn more about ETFs, you might wonder, “How can I use ETFs to reach my investment goals?” The key is to understand their benefits and how to add them to your portfolio. Join us as we explore ETFs’ potential and see how they can make investing easier.
Understanding the Benefits of ETFs
ETFs are getting more popular with investors for their ability to offer diversification, low costs, and transparency. They have many advantages that make them a good choice for both individual and institutional investors.
Low Costs and Transparency
ETFs have low expense ratios compared to mutual funds. They started in 1993 and have become very popular since then2. Most ETFs are passively managed, tracking a specific index like the S&P 500 or the NASDAQ. This keeps costs down and makes sure the ETF follows the index or asset class closely2. Also, ETFs are transparent, sharing their holdings and composition often. This lets investors know exactly what they’re investing in.
Diversification and Risk Management
ETFs let investors spread their money across many asset classes and sectors with one investment2. This can lower risk by reducing the effect of one security’s performance on the whole portfolio2. Plus, ETFs are seen as low-risk because they’re affordable and hold a mix of stocks, which helps with diversification2.
But, ETFs do come with risks. Leveraged ETFs can make returns bigger, but they can also lose more than double or triple the index’s value2. Some ETFs might not cover mid- and small-cap companies well, which can limit diversification for investors2.
Overall, ETFs offer cost savings, diversification, and transparency. They’re a top pick for investors wanting a well-diversified and low-cost portfolio2. But, it’s key for investors to look closely at an ETF’s features, risks, benefits, and performance before investing3.
“ETFs are a great way for investors to gain exposure to a wide range of assets and sectors, while benefiting from low costs and improved transparency.”
Selecting the Right ETFs for Your Portfolio
Choosing the right ETFs is key when making a diversified portfolio. It’s important to pick ETFs from different areas like stocks, bonds, and commodities for a wide market reach4. Also, looking into ETFs focused on specific areas like tech or healthcare can add more variety5.
For spreading out your investments geographically, ETFs for international markets are great4. The right ETFs should match your risk level and goals. For example, bond ETFs are usually safer than stock ETFs, and commodity ETFs can guard against inflation but can be risky4.
Asset Class Diversification
Spreading your investments across different types is a smart move. This means mixing things like stocks, bonds, and ETFs focused on real estate or currencies5. This approach can lower your risk and help you earn more over time.
Risk Profile and Investment Objectives
It’s vital to match ETF choices with your risk comfort and goals. If you’re cautious, you might lean towards bond or safe stock ETFs. But if you’re more daring, you could look at riskier sector or international ETFs4. Knowing what you want from your investments, like making money or earning income, helps pick the right ETFs.
By spreading your investments and choosing ETFs that fit your risk level and goals, you can make a strong portfolio4. There are many ETFs out there, giving you lots of chances to tailor your portfolio5.
“Selecting the right ETFs is critical to building a diversified portfolio that aligns with your investment goals and risk tolerance.”
Building an All-ETF Portfolio
Building an all-ETF portfolio? Consider a core-satellite approach7. Start with broad-market index ETFs as your core. These ETFs track a wide range of stocks or bonds, making up the base of your investments7. They’re stable and offer consistent long-term returns.
Add sector-specific or thematic ETFs to your portfolio for extra growth potential7. These ETFs focus on emerging trends or industries. They might offer higher growth but also come with more risk8. Mixing these with your core ETFs creates a balanced portfolio that meets your goals and risk level.
Core and Satellite Approach
The core-satellite method for an all-ETF portfolio includes several key parts:
- Core Holdings: These are broad-market index ETFs. They cover a wide range of stocks or bonds, like the S&P 500 or total bond market index7. They provide stability and long-term growth.
- Satellite Holdings: These ETFs focus on specific industries or themes, such as technology or healthcare7. They offer growth potential but also carry more risk.
- Asset Allocation: Decide how much to allocate between core and satellite ETFs based on your goals, risk tolerance, and time frame8. A common starting point is 70% core and 30% satellite.
This approach helps you build a diversified portfolio with stability and potential for higher returns8. It lets you benefit from broad market exposure and specific growth opportunities.
When creating an all-ETF portfolio, it’s key to research and choose ETFs that fit your investment goals and risk level9. By combining core and satellite ETFs thoughtfully, you can have a diversified and rewarding investment strategy789.
Asset Allocation and Portfolio Construction
Building a well-diversified investment portfolio is key to reaching your financial goals. For an all-ETF portfolio, the right asset allocation is essential10. ETFs make it easy to diversify and offer access to sectors hard to reach for individual investors11. More than 90% of a portfolio’s return comes from asset allocation, not picking stocks or timing11.
Think about your investment objectives, risk tolerance, and time horizon when setting your asset allocation10. Those with a long time horizon might choose a more aggressive mix, focusing on stocks. Those close to their financial goals might prefer safer investments like bonds12. There are different asset allocation models, like income, balanced, and growth portfolios, each suited for different risk levels and goals.
Use the Morningstar’s Portfolio Manager and X-Ray tool to see your current asset allocation. These tools show stock sectors, types, and where they’re from10. Morningstar’s Fund Quickrank helps investors find securities that meet their goals.
When building your portfolio, mix equity, fixed income, and alternative asset ETFs10. ETFs that track broad market indices like DJ Euro Stoxx 50 are cost-effective for core stock exposure. But, watch out for broker fees, especially when investing small amounts often10. Sector ETFs can boost returns by focusing on undervalued sectors that will likely match their true value over time10. ETFs also give access to alternative assets like commodities and currencies, usually for big investors, adding to your portfolio’s diversification.
Regularly check and adjust your asset allocation to keep it in line with your changing investment strategy and life11. It’s wise to rebalance your ETF portfolio every quarter or once a year.
“Asset allocation is the key determinant of long-term investment success, and it’s something that can be managed and controlled.” – David Booth, Co-Founder and Executive Chairman of Dimensional Fund Advisors
Rebalancing Your ETF Portfolio
Keeping your ETF portfolio in line with your investment goals is key. This means adjusting your investments to match your risk level and goals13. Rebalancing helps reduce risk and improve your portfolio’s mix, making it more diverse13. You can choose how and when to rebalance, like setting a percentage range or a specific time frame13. Services like Wealthfront and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios offer rebalancing and diversification at low or no cost13.
Maintaining Target Asset Allocation
Rebalancing means selling assets that are doing well and buying those that are not. This keeps your portfolio balanced between stocks for growth and bonds for stability13. Most brokers don’t charge for trading stocks and ETFs, so rebalancing is affordable13. You can rebalance without selling by adding new investments to underweighted areas or reinvesting dividends13.
Rebalancing might lower your returns since it involves selling assets that could still be doing well to adjust your portfolio.13
In one example, the equity part of a portfolio grew by 52%, while bonds increased by 9%. This changed the mix from 50:50 to 58:42. To get back to 50:50, 66 shares of equity ETF were sold and 74 shares of bond ETF were bought14. Rebalancing helps manage risk, keeping it at your desired level during market ups and downs14.
Rebalancing helps make smart investment moves, reducing risk in strong markets and increasing it in weak ones for better long-term gains14. It means not trying to time the market and staying disciplined with your investments14. However, rebalancing can lead to trading fees and taxes, so consider the costs before you start14. Using new money to rebalance can avoid tax issues, offering an alternative to traditional rebalancing14.
A balanced portfolio might have 70% stocks and 30% bonds15. The 110 rule suggests subtracting your age from 110 to find your stock allocation15. Rebalancing strategies include selling high assets and buying low ones or adding new money strategically15. You can rebalance at set times or when your portfolio strays too far from your target, usually once or twice a year15.
Rebalancing over time lets you sell high assets and buy low ones, taking advantage of market changes15. You can set up automatic rebalancing with robo-advisors or employer plans like a 401(k)15. Finding the right balance is key to managing risk and potential returns, but it depends on your personal risk tolerance and goals15.
etfs and Passive Investing Strategies
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) are great for passive investing. They track specific indexes or benchmarks, giving investors broad market exposure. This can lead to long-term outperformance over actively managed funds16. ETFs are low-cost and transparent, making them a simple way to invest passively17.
ETFs have become more popular as research shows most actively managed funds don’t beat their benchmarks over time17. The SPDR S&P 500 (SPY), launched in January 1993, is a well-known ETF16. By August 2019, passive ETFs and mutual funds had more assets than active ones, according to Morningstar16.
Passive ETFs have lower costs and are more transparent than actively managed funds17. These features make them a cost-effective way to get market-level returns16. While they can’t beat active strategies, they offer a reliable way to diversify your portfolio16.
Actively managed ETFs try to beat the market with smart asset choices and timing17. But, most active funds don’t outperform their benchmarks over the long run17.
The choice between passive and active investing depends on your goals, risk level, and preferences18. Knowing the pros and cons of each can help you decide how to use ETFs in your investment plan18.
Sector and Industry-Specific ETFs
Investors looking to diversify their portfolios often turn to sector and industry-specific ETFs. These funds focus on certain parts of the economy, like tech, healthcare, energy, or real estate. They let investors tap into trends and shifts in specific industries19.
Capitalizing on Sector Trends
Sector ETFs let investors match their portfolios with market themes and economic cycles. For example, the tech sector has grown fast, thanks to AI, cloud computing, and e-commerce. Tech-focused ETFs can help investors profit from this growth20.
Healthcare ETFs offer a look into pharmaceuticals, biotech, and medical devices. These areas often do well even when the economy is down. On the other hand, sectors like energy and financials do better when the economy is strong20.
But, sector ETFs come with more risk. They focus on a few areas, which can make them more volatile than broad-based funds19. Before investing, it’s key to think about how much risk you can handle and what you want to achieve with your investments.
| Sector | Sector ETF Example | Allocation as % of Portfolio | Risk Profile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Technology | XLK | 15% | High |
| Healthcare | XLV | 10% | Moderate |
| Energy | XLE | 8% | High |
| Financials | XLF | 12% | Moderate |
Even sector ETFs that track an index might not mirror its performance perfectly19. Some ETFs, like the Select Sector SPDR Funds, can be riskier than others. They’re more exposed to the ups and downs of specific sectors19.
Before adding a sector or industry ETF to your portfolio, make sure you know its risks and benefits. Diversifying across sectors can make your investments stronger and more resilient20.
“Sector and industry-specific ETFs can be powerful tools for investors looking to capitalize on emerging trends and themes within the economy. However, it’s crucial to balance these targeted investments with a well-diversified portfolio to manage risk and volatility.”
International and Emerging Market ETFs
To get a truly global mix, consider adding international ETFs and emerging market ETFs to your portfolio. These options help spread your investments across the globe. This can lower your risk and possibly increase your returns22. Make sure to check the details of these ETFs to match your investment goals and how much risk you can take.
International ETFs let you invest in stocks, bonds, and more from all over the world23. They add variety to your portfolio, spreading your risk across different countries23. You can choose from broad international ETFs, those focused on developed markets, or those on emerging markets23.
Emerging market ETFs might offer higher returns but come with more risk24. They invest in countries like India, Brazil, and China, which can diversify your portfolio24. But, remember, these markets can be unstable, with issues like political problems, currency changes, and governance concerns24.
| International ETF | Emerging Market ETF |
|---|---|
| Provides exposure to non-U.S. markets, both developed and emerging23 | Focuses on investing in countries with developing economies24 |
| Vanguard Total International Bond ETF holds over 4,500 non-U.S. bonds22 | Emerging markets ETFs combine investments in countries like India, Brazil, and China22 |
| Vanguard Total International Stock ETF holds more than 6,000 non-U.S. stocks22 | Offer high returns but also come with high risks due to instability in many emerging market countries24 |
| Generally, it is suggested to allocate around 30% of the bond portion and 40% of the stock portion in international investments within a portfolio22 | Less correlated to U.S. equities, providing diversification to investment portfolios24 |
When putting together a diverse portfolio, international and emerging market ETFs are key for spreading your investments globally. By picking and keeping an eye on these options, you can boost your portfolio’s long-term performance and risk level.
“International and emerging market ETFs can be a powerful tool for achieving global diversification and accessing growth opportunities beyond the United States.”
Fixed Income and Bond ETFs
Investors are turning to bond ETFs to diversify their portfolios and manage risk25. In 2020, U.S. bond ETFs brought in $168 billion. By June 2023, bond ETFs managed a whopping $206 trillion25. These funds let investors tap into various fixed-income securities like government and corporate bonds, high-yield debt, and more.
Managing Portfolio Risk
Adding fixed-income ETFs to a portfolio helps manage risk25. Bond ETFs are great because they offer instant diversification, transparency, and easy trading25. They also provide a steady income through regular coupon payments, which complements the growth of equity ETFs.
25 There are many types of bond ETFs, like Treasury, Corporate, Junk, International, Floating Rate, Convertible, and Leveraged Bond ETFs26. Investors can choose based on their risk tolerance and goals26. iShares has a wide range of fixed-income funds, managing $816 billion out of a global $1.99 trillion in fixed-income ETFs.
26 iShares bond ETFs are 77% cheaper than active mutual funds, making them cost-effective26. They also perform well, beating many peers over the past year.
27 Top-rated core bond ETFs include Fidelity Total Bond ETF FBND and iShares Core Total USD Bond Market ETF IUSB27. Vanguard’s Total Bond Market ETF BND is also highly rated. For short-term bonds, J.P. Morgan Limited Duration Bond ETF JPLD and PGIM Short Duration Mlt-Sect Bond ETF PSDM are top choices27. Specialized ETFs like Schwab US TIPS ETF SCHP and Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities ETF VTIP have the highest ratings.
Using fixed-income ETFs, investors can create balanced portfolios that manage risk and offer steady income. This approach improves their financial health.
“Bond ETFs offer the benefit of receiving regular coupon payments, providing a steady stream of income to complement the growth potential of equity ETF holdings.”
Commodity and Alternative Asset ETFs
Investors looking to diversify their portfolios can consider commodity and alternative asset ETFs. These funds offer exposure to assets like gold, silver, real estate, and cryptocurrencies. They can help protect against inflation and add diversification to a portfolio28. Even though these investments can be more volatile, they are key for a well-rounded portfolio. They provide exposure to different asset classes and can protect against inflation29.
Commodity ETFs, such as the iShares Physical Gold ETC (SGLN) and the iShares Gold Trust (IAU), are popular choices. The iShares Physical Gold ETC has a low expense ratio of 0.12%, while the iShares Gold Trust has a slightly higher ratio of 0.25%28. These funds have shown strong performance, with the iShares Physical Gold ETC returning 13.7% in 2023 and the iShares Gold Trust returning 13.5% in the same year28.
The Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking Fund (DBC) is another notable commodity ETF. It offers exposure to a wide range of 14 heavily traded commodities worldwide. This includes energy, precious metals, and agricultural products28. This diversification can help reduce the risks associated with individual commodity price changes.
| ETF | Expense Ratio | 2023 Return | 2022 Return | 2021 Return | Assets Under Management |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iShares Physical Gold ETC (SGLN) | 0.12% | 13.7% | -0.5% | -3.9% | N/A |
| iShares Gold Trust (IAU) | 0.25% | 13.5% | -0.7% | -4.0% | N/A |
| Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking Fund (DBC) | 0.85% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $1.8 billion |
| SPDR Gold Trust (GLD) | 0.40% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $62.5 billion |
Alternative asset ETFs, such as those focused on real estate or cryptocurrencies, can also provide diversification and potential inflation protection29. For example, the Invesco Optimum Yield Diversified Commodity Strategy No K-1 ETF has $5.2 billion in assets under management. It has a 0.59% expense ratio and a dividend yield of about 4.0%29.
When building a diversified portfolio, it’s crucial to consider commodity and alternative asset ETFs. These funds can help reduce the impact of market volatility and offer protection against inflation30. By adding these investments, investors can improve the resilience and long-term growth potential of their ETF-based portfolios30.
“Commodity and alternative asset ETFs can play a vital role in portfolio diversification, offering exposure to uncorrelated asset classes and potential inflation protection.”
Before adding commodity and alternative asset ETFs to your portfolio, it’s important to research and understand their risks and benefits282930.
Key Considerations for Commodity and Alternative Asset ETFs
- Understand the underlying assets and their volatility
- Evaluate the expense ratios and trading volume of the ETFs
- Assess the potential diversification benefits and inflation protection
- Ensure the ETFs align with your overall investment objectives and risk tolerance
By carefully selecting and adding commodity and alternative asset ETFs to a diversified portfolio, investors can better navigate market changes. This can help protect their wealth from inflation30.
Tax Efficiency and ETF Investing
ETFs are better than traditional mutual funds when it comes to taxes. They often have lower turnover rates, which means fewer capital gains distributions31. Also, using ETFs for tax-loss harvesting can help investors reduce their taxes32.
When putting together an ETF portfolio, think about how taxes will affect your investments. Work with a financial advisor to make your portfolio as tax-efficient as possible31. Equity ETFs are usually more tax-efficient because they follow an index closely and don’t often change their mix. This leads to fewer capital gains taxes compared to mutual funds32.
ETF gains can be taxed differently based on what they invest in. For example, dividends from stocks in ETFs might be taxed at a lower rate, around 23.8%. Interest from bond ETFs is usually taxed as regular income32. Commodity ETFs can be taxed up to 30.6%, following the 60/40 rule for gains32.
Precious metal and currency ETFs also have their own tax rules. Gains from these ETFs can be taxed up to 31.8% for long-term and 40.8% for short-term. The tax treatment for currency ETFs depends on how they are set up32. ETFs and ETNs that act like stocks or bonds are taxed similarly to their ETF counterparts, with a top rate of 23.8% for long-term gains and 40.8% for short-term32.
ETF investing is known for being tax-efficient, but it’s important to know how different ETF types are taxed. Working with a financial advisor can help you make your portfolio more tax-efficient31. A 2024 survey found that tax efficiency is a key reason why many fund selectors prefer active ETFs33.
The way ETFs are structured helps them be more tax-efficient. This includes in-kind transfers, selective tax lot redemptions, and custom basket deals33. By using these strategies, investors can increase their after-tax returns and reach their financial goals313233.
Monitoring and Adjusting Your ETF Portfolio
Managing an all-ETF portfolio means more than just setting it up. You need to keep an eye on your investments, check their performance, and make changes when needed. This keeps your portfolio in line with your long-term goals. It also means rebalancing your investments to keep the right mix, and adjusting your ETF choices if your financial situation or goals change34.
Staying Aligned with Investment Goals
Being watchful and active helps your all-ETF portfolio meet your financial needs over time. The portfolio dashboard sends alerts to help you quickly adjust and rebalance34. You can monitor your portfolio by asset class or ETF, seeing the current weight of each. If an investment goes beyond set limits, it turns red34.
You can set your own limits for asset classes or ETFs. If these limits are broken, you get an alert34. Changing these limits is easy by moving the grey bars. The system updates these limits automatically when things change34. You get a warning when a limit is broken, and you must confirm any changes to your settings34.
Checking your portfolio regularly tells you when your asset mix changes. This can happen because of rounding or price changes34. You can set alerts for specific changes in your portfolio. This helps you stay ahead in managing your all-ETF investments34.
| Asset Class | Risk Level | Potential Fluctuations |
|---|---|---|
| Stocks | High | Stocks can change a lot in value due to company news and market trends35. |
| Bonds | Moderate | Bonds are less risky than stocks but can be affected by interest rates, credit quality, and other factors35. |
| Sectors | High | Investing in sectors can be more unpredictable than investing in a mix of different sectors and companies35. |
| REITs | Moderate | REITs carry risks like property value changes, credit issues, cash flow issues, borrower defaults, and interest rate changes35. |
Knowing the risks and potential changes in different asset classes helps you make better choices. This keeps your portfolio in line with your investment goals35.
Keeping an eye on your portfolio and making timely changes is key to a successful all-ETF portfolio. By staying ahead and adjusting as needed, you can keep your investments on track. This approach can help you get the most from your diversified investments34.
“Asset Allocation is a way to spread your investments across main categories. It helps manage risk and improve returns. But it doesn’t guarantee profits or protect against losses.”35
The Role of ETFs in Retirement Planning
ETFs are becoming a top choice for retirement planning because they offer many benefits. They help diversify investments, keep costs low, and give investors many options. This makes ETFs key for retirees and those planning for retirement36.
ETFs are great for retirement because they are cost-effective. They usually have lower fees than mutual funds. This means investors keep more of their earnings37. This is very important in retirement, where saving money and keeping capital safe is key38.
ETFs let retirees tailor their investments to their risk level and goals. They can mix different types of ETFs to get steady income, manage risk, and grow their money over time38. With so many ETF options, investors can make a retirement portfolio that fits their needs37.
ETFs are also good for retirement because they are tax-efficient. They have special features that help reduce taxes on retirement savings37. This is great for retirees, who need to watch their taxes closely to make the most of their retirement income and savings38.
As retirees get closer to or enter retirement, ETFs become even more useful. They can be traded easily, letting investors quickly change their investments based on market changes or new financial goals37. This flexibility is important as retirees’ needs and risk tolerance can change over time38.
While ETFs have many benefits for retirement planning, it’s important to consider their costs, trading fees, and risks before adding them to a retirement portfolio36. By choosing and managing ETFs wisely, retirees and those planning for retirement can use these investments to support their financial well-being in the long run37.
“ETFs can provide a cost-effective and diversified approach to retirement planning, helping investors manage risk and generate steady income throughout their golden years.”
| ETF Feature | Benefit for Retirement Planning |
|---|---|
| Low Expense Ratios | Preserves a higher percentage of investment returns, crucial in retirement |
| Diversification | Helps manage risk and provides exposure to a broad range of asset classes |
| Tax Efficiency | Minimizes tax burden on retirement assets, allowing for better income management |
| Liquidity | Enables quick portfolio adjustments to adapt to changing needs and market conditions |
In conclusion, ETFs are key in retirement planning for their diversified, cost-effective, and flexible nature. As retirees and those planning for retirement face the complex world of investing, ETFs can help them meet their financial goals, manage risk, and ensure a secure and comfortable retirement373638.
Conclusion
Creating a diversified ETF portfolio helps you reach your financial goals while keeping investment risk in check. By picking the right ETFs, you can tap into global markets and various asset classes. Investors enjoy the benefits of low costs, clear information, and spreading out their investments. This makes it easier to follow a investment strategy that fits your needs and goals39. Whether you’re just starting or want to improve your portfolio, ETFs are a smart choice for a solid, long-term plan3940.,
The ETF market is growing fast, with assets expected to hit US$14 trillion by 202440. This shows more people and big investors are turning to ETFs. The move to fee-based advice and the desire for low-cost index funds make ETFs even more attractive for diversified investing3940.,
ETFs are a great way for investors to handle the complex financial world. They help build a balanced portfolio that meets your risk management needs and long-term goals. By using ETFs, investors can actively manage their ETF portfolio. This way, they’re set for successful, diversified investing in the future394140.,,
FAQ
What are the key benefits of investing in Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs)?
How can investors build a diversified all-ETF portfolio?
What is the core-satellite approach to constructing an all-ETF portfolio?
Why is asset allocation crucial when building an all-ETF portfolio?
How often should investors rebalance their all-ETF portfolio?
How can ETFs be used in passive investing strategies?
What are the tax efficiency benefits of ETFs?
How can ETFs be used in retirement planning?
Source Links
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- ETFs and Taxes: What You Need to Know – https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/etfs-and-taxes-what-you-need-to-know
- ETF tax efficiency | Natixis Investment Managers – https://www.im.natixis.com/en-us/insights/portfolio-construction/2024/etf-tax-efficiency-explained
- How does portfolio monitoring work – https://www.justetf.com/en/tutorial/monitoring/how-does-portfolio-monitoring-work.html
- How to Use ETFs in a Portfolio – https://www.ssga.com/us/en/intermediary/etfs/resources/education/how-to-use-etfs-in-a-portfolio
- Are ETFs a Good Fit for 401(k) Plans? – https://www.investopedia.com/articles/financial-advisors/101315/are-etfs-good-fit-401k-plans.asp
- Are ETFs Good for Retirement? – https://www.covenantwealthadvisors.com/post/are-etfs-good-for-retirement-1
- Why Index Funds and ETFs Are Good for Retirees – https://www.morningstar.com/funds/why-index-funds-etfs-are-good-retirees
- Exchange-traded funds: Clarity amid the clutter – https://corporate.vanguard.com/content/dam/corp/research/pdf/exchange-traded-funds-clarity-amid-the-clutter-us-isgetfc_022019_online.pdf
- 4 trends driving ETF growth – ETFs simplified | iShares – BlackRock – https://blackrock.com/sg/en/ishares/insights/growth-trends
- Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) – https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/career-map/sell-side/capital-markets/exchange-traded-fund-etf/