When you hear you have mesothelioma, it can feel like the world has stopped. This cancer is rare and tough, but there’s hope. With the right treatment, many people can beat it. It’s all about finding specialists who know how to fight this cancer with a plan just for you.

Imagine living more time with your loved ones, even with mesothelioma. New treatments are making that possible. They offer hope with things like advanced surgery and new medicines. These changes mean more ways to live longer and better¹.

Key Takeaways

• Mesothelioma patients who get a mix of treatments like surgery, chemo, and radiation can live 21-38 months or more¹.
• Drugs like Opdivo® and Yervoy® have helped pleural mesothelioma patients live about 4 months longer than chemo alone¹.
• People with peritoneal mesothelioma who had surgery and HIPEC lived almost 4.5 years on average¹.
• New treatments have made living with mesothelioma better over the last 20 years².
• Vets are often hit hard by mesothelioma because they were exposed to a lot of asbestos in the military².

What Is Mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that affects the lungs or abdomen. It happens in the lining of these areas, known as the pleura or peritoneum³. This cancer is mainly caused by asbestos, a mineral used for its heat resistance. It can take decades to show up, often when the cancer has spread³.

Pleural Mesothelioma and Peritoneal Mesothelioma

There are two main types of mesothelioma: pleural and peritoneal. Pleural mesothelioma is the most common, found in the lungs’ lining, making up about 75% of cases³. Peritoneal mesothelioma, affecting the abdomen, makes up 10-20% of cases³.

Pleural mesothelioma is more common, but peritoneal mesothelioma has a better outlook. It’s often caught early, which helps with treatment³. Pleural mesothelioma stages are labeled with Roman numerals, with lower numbers meaning less spread³.

Treating mesothelioma is tough because it’s often found late³. But, new treatments and research give hope to patients. They can manage symptoms and maybe live longer³.

Mesothelioma Treatment: Options and Approaches

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that needs a detailed treatment plan. Doctors often use a mix of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation to manage symptoms and increase survival chances⁴.

Surgery for Mesothelioma

Surgery is key in fighting mesothelioma, aiming to remove tumors and stop cancer cells from spreading. The type of surgery depends on the cancer’s stage and location. Doctors might do extrapleural pneumonectomy, pleurectomy/decortication, or cytoreductive surgery to shrink the tumor⁴⁵.

Chemotherapy for Mesothelioma

If surgery isn’t possible, chemotherapy is used to help patients live longer. This treatment sends anti-cancer drugs through the blood to kill cancer cells. Most patients get a mix of cisplatin and pemetrexed (Alimta®)⁶.

Radiation Therapy for Mesothelioma

Radiation therapy is a less invasive way to fight mesothelioma. It uses high-energy waves to kill or damage cancer cells, making tumors smaller. The Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center team at Brigham and Women’s Hospital offers this treatment⁵.

Doctors tailor mesothelioma treatments to each patient’s needs. The treatment plan depends on the cancer stage, tumor size, fluid buildup, and overall health⁴.

“The best mesothelioma treatments vary based on individual factors and recommendations from mesothelioma specialists.”⁶

Combining two or more cancer treatments is common to improve mesothelioma treatment results⁶. New treatments like gene therapy and photodynamic therapy are being tested in clinical trials to help patients live longer and better⁶.

Working with a team of mesothelioma experts helps patients get the latest and most effective treatments. This approach aims to manage the disease and enhance life quality⁵.

Surgery for Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer. Surgery is a key part of treatment for many patients. Specialists perform surgeries to remove tumors and stop cancer cells from spreading. These surgeries can also help reduce pain for those with advanced mesothelioma⁷.

For pleural mesothelioma, a common surgery is Extrapleural Pneumonectomy (EPP). This surgery removes the affected lung, chest lining, diaphragm, and heart lining. But, about 1 in 3 patients face major complications after EPP⁷. Many doctors now prefer Pleurectomy/Decortication (P/D) because it’s less invasive and has fewer complications⁷.

Debulking is the main surgery for peritoneal mesothelioma. It aims to remove as much tumor as possible. Sometimes, intraoperative or intraperitoneal chemotherapy, including heated intraoperative chemotherapy (HIPEC), is used with surgery⁷. Testicular mesothelioma is rare and surgery is mostly done when the tumor looks like a hernia, making full removal hard⁷.

The surgery type for mesothelioma depends on the hospital, surgeon, patient’s case, and health⁷. Not all patients can have aggressive surgery. In such cases, surgeries for symptom relief, like pleurodesis or PleurX catheter placement, may be done⁸.

Surgery’s role in treating mesothelioma is always changing. Clinical trials are looking into different surgical methods, often with chemotherapy⁹. As research grows, patients and their doctors can choose the best surgery options to manage the disease and improve life quality.

Chemotherapy for Mesothelioma

Chemotherapy is a key treatment for mesothelioma, a rare cancer caused by asbestos. It affects the lungs, abdomen, or heart lining¹⁰. Doctors often use it with surgery and radiation to improve treatment results and patient outcomes¹¹.

For certain types of mesothelioma, chemotherapy is given before surgery to shrink tumors and remove cancer cells¹⁰. The usual treatment for pleural mesothelioma combines pemetrexed (Alimta®) and cisplatin, given every three weeks for a few cycles¹². For peritoneal mesothelioma, a treatment called HIPEC delivers chemotherapy directly to the abdomen during surgery¹⁰.

Chemotherapy can cause side effects like mouth sores and nausea, but these can be managed by healthcare teams¹⁰. If standard treatments don’t work, patients might join clinical trials for new treatments like immunotherapy¹².

At NYU Langone’s Perlmutter Cancer Center, mesothelioma specialists offer full care and support during chemotherapy. They aim to give patients the best treatment and help them manage side effects¹⁰.

Chemotherapy Drugs	Dosage and Frequency	Mechanism of Action	Side Effects
Cisplatin and Pemetrexed (Alimta®)	Every 21 days for 2-4 cycles	Cisplatin damages DNA to kill cancer cells, while Pemetrexed disrupts cell division	Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, kidney problems
Carboplatin, Doxorubicin, Gemcitabine, Vinorelbine	Varies depending on the drug and combination	Different mechanisms to target and kill cancer cells	Varied side effects, including nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and increased infection risk
Keytruda (Pembrolizumab) + Chemotherapy	Combination approved for priority review by FDA in May 2024	Keytruda is an immunotherapy that activates the immune system to fight cancer, while chemotherapy kills cancer cells directly	Immune-related side effects, as well as typical chemotherapy side effects

“More than 80% of cancer patients receive chemotherapy, improving symptoms and quality of life.”¹²

In summary, chemotherapy is vital in treating mesothelioma, often paired with other treatments to improve outcomes¹¹. At NYU Langone’s Perlmutter Cancer Center, specialists are skilled in giving chemotherapy and handling its side effects. They provide full care and support to their patients¹⁰¹²¹¹.

Radiation Therapy for Mesothelioma

Radiation therapy is a less invasive way to treat mesothelioma compared to surgery. It uses high-energy waves to kill cancer cells, making tumors smaller or weaker¹³. Photon beam radiation can shrink tumors but might harm healthy tissue¹³. Particle radiation, using electrons or protons, is more precise and less damaging¹³.

This therapy can help some patients live longer¹³ and is linked to good outcomes¹³. It can also ease symptoms, improve life quality, and avoid surgeries that could affect mental health¹³. Plus, it can reduce cancer symptoms and shrink tumors¹³.

There are different types of radiation therapy for mesothelioma, like external and internal¹⁴. External beam radiation is common and works well for pleural mesothelioma¹⁴. Other options include 3-D conformal radiation, image-guided radiation, and proton therapy¹⁴. Internal radiation methods include brachytherapy and systemic radiation therapy¹⁴.

Combining radiation with surgery and chemotherapy can improve survival chances¹³¹⁴. For stage 3 or 4 mesothelioma, palliative radiation is often used to reduce tumors and ease symptoms¹³.

Mesotheliomas are hard to treat with radiation because they don’t grow as single tumors¹⁵. But, new techniques like intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) can help control radiation better¹⁵. Side effects of radiation include fatigue, skin issues, hair loss, and lung or abdominal damage, especially with chemotherapy¹⁵. A team of doctors should help manage these side effects¹⁵.

In summary, radiation therapy is key in treating mesothelioma. It can extend life, manage symptoms, and improve quality of life. By knowing the different types of radiation and their effects, patients can work with their doctors to find the best treatment.

Immunotherapy for Mesothelioma

Immunotherapy is a new hope for mesothelioma patients. This rare cancer attacks the lungs or abdomen lining. It boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells better.

In October 2020, the FDA approved Opdivo® (nivolumab) and Yervoy® (ipilimumab) for pleural mesothelioma¹⁶. These drugs are given through an IV. Nivolumab comes every 3 weeks, and ipilimumab every 6 weeks¹⁶. Treatment can go up to 2 years if the cancer stays stable and side effects are manageable¹⁶.

Immunotherapy is a top treatment for mesothelioma now, showing over a year more survival than old treatments¹⁷. Many patients do better with chemoimmunotherapy, combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy, than just chemotherapy¹⁷.

The Opdivo and Yervoy combo has shown great results, with a median survival of 18.1 months for some patients¹⁷. Keytruda also works well against mesothelioma when it comes back after first treatment, giving patients about 18 months more to live¹⁷.

Immunotherapy can cause side effects that need careful watching and handling¹⁶. But its benefits make it a key option for those who can’t have surgery or have used up other treatments¹⁷.

Research and trials are still looking to improve and create new immunotherapy treatments for mesothelioma patients¹⁷. These efforts aim for better outcomes and quality of life for those facing this tough disease.

“Immunotherapy has been a game-changer for mesothelioma treatment, and I’m grateful to be a survivor thanks to the Keytruda I received. It’s like a magic bullet that’s allowed me to live my life to the fullest.” – Mesothelioma Survivor

The FDA’s approval of Opdivo and Yervoy, along with Keytruda’s success, brings hope to mesothelioma patients and their families¹⁷. As research moves forward, immunotherapy is set to be a key player in fighting this tough disease.

Emerging Treatments for Mesothelioma

Traditional treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have made big steps forward. Yet, researchers are looking into new ways to fight this tough cancer¹⁸. Gene therapy and Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are showing new hope for better survival and outcomes¹⁹.

Gene Therapy and Immunotherapy

Gene therapy changes cancer cells’ DNA to make them easier to treat. Studies show that gene therapy with chemotherapy can help mesothelioma patients live up to 26 months longer¹⁹. Immunotherapies like the UV1 vaccine work well with treatments like Opdivo and Yervoy, almost doubling the success rate¹⁹.

Other new immunotherapies, like the GPS and WT1 vaccines, can help control the disease and increase survival time¹⁹.

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields)

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) use mild electric fields to stop cancer cells from growing. In a study, 40% of pleural mesothelioma patients saw their tumors shrink, and 57% saw no growth¹⁸. Since 2019, TTFields therapy has been added to treatment plans for mesothelioma, especially with chemotherapy¹⁹.

Emerging Combination Therapies

Researchers are looking at mixing different new treatments for mesothelioma, such as:

• Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for peritoneal mesothelioma, giving a 75% 5-year survival rate²⁰.
• The SMART protocol, which combines high-dose radiation, surgery, and treatment in a week, leading to a 42.8-month median survival for pleural mesothelioma patients²⁰.
• Trimodality treatment with chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation, resulting in a 39-month median survival for those who finished all three²⁰.

As research advances, these new treatments offer hope for better outcomes and longer lives for those fighting this tough disease¹⁹.

Role of Mesothelioma Specialists

Mesothelioma is a rare and complex disease. It can be hard for patients and their families to understand the treatment options. Your best defense is getting a treatment plan designed by a top mesothelioma doctor at a cancer center specializing in this disease.²¹

Mesothelioma specialists are experts in treating this aggressive cancer. They work in teams to create treatment plans for each patient. They also do research and publish their findings in medical journals²¹. These specialists offer support to help patients and their families during tough times²¹.

The Mesothelioma Center at Asbestos.com has over 500 skilled specialists. They include doctors like medical oncologists and surgeons²¹. These experts go to conferences to learn about the latest in mesothelioma research and treatments²¹.

Patients can get help from the Mesothelioma Center’s network. They offer over 125 patient appointments for second opinions and virtual consultations²¹. The center picks specialists from top cancer centers in the U.S., like Moffitt Cancer Center²¹.

At the Mesothelioma Research and Treatment Program, a team reviews each patient’s case carefully. They create a treatment plan that fits the patient’s needs²². This program is in New Jersey and is a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center²².

“Successful treatment of mesothelioma requires coordination between oncology specialists and is best conducted at centers with expertise in managing the condition.”²²

Mesothelioma is tough, but some patients live for years after diagnosis. Those who get the right treatments can live up to 5 years or more¹. Patients with pleural mesothelioma can live 21 to 38 months with surgery and chemotherapy¹. Those with peritoneal mesothelioma can live nearly 4.5 years with surgery and HIPEC¹.

Choosing a mesothelioma specialist at a cancer center with lots of experience helps patients get the best treatments. This gives them a good chance of positive outcomes²¹²²¹.

Multimodal Therapy for Mesothelioma

Doctors often use a mix of treatments for mesothelioma to help patients live longer. Multimodal therapy combines chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. This approach has shown to improve survival chances for mesothelioma patients.

About 44% of patients get chemotherapy or surgery²³. Around 15% get both chemotherapy and surgery²³. But, a mix of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy can double survival time to 32 months²³.

For those with inoperable pleural mesothelioma, a mix of chemotherapy and immunotherapy can add almost 20% to survival time²⁴. For peritoneal mesothelioma, combining surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can also improve survival chances²⁴. Some patients have seen their survival time increase with repeated rounds of this treatment²⁴.

New treatments like Tumor Treating Fields therapy are also showing promise. In a trial, over 97% of patients with pleural mesothelioma saw their tumors shrink or stop growing²³. Another study found that a mix of treatments, including photodynamic therapy, helped patients live up to three years, with some living over seven years²³.

Mesothelioma is a tough disease, but new treatments offer hope. By combining different therapies, doctors can tackle the disease’s complexity. Research is ongoing to find more effective treatments for mesothelioma patients.

“Multimodal therapy has extended survival beyond the common range of 18 to 31 months for mesothelioma patients, with some cases showing survival rates of more than six years in peritoneal mesothelioma.”

Together, new treatments, expert doctors, and patient determination can make a big difference in fighting mesothelioma. By exploring different therapy options, patients can find hope and spend more time with their loved ones²³²⁴²⁵.

Life Expectancy with Mesothelioma Treatment

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer. But, with treatment from a specialist, it can make a big difference in a patient’s life²⁶. Patients with mesothelioma can live 12 to 21 months with treatment, compared to just 6 to 8 months without²⁶²⁷.

Before, mesothelioma was seen as a death sentence. But, thanks to new treatments, many patients now live long lives²⁸. The median survival rate is when half of the patients in a study are still alive²⁸.

Survival rates depend on the type of mesothelioma, its stage, and the patient’s age and health²⁸²⁶²⁷. For instance, pleural mesothelioma patients live about 18 months with treatment. On the other hand, peritoneal mesothelioma patients can live around 31 months²⁸²⁶.

Younger patients, diagnosed at 44 or younger, tend to live almost six times longer than those diagnosed at 75 or older²⁸. Women also tend to live about 8 months longer than men on average²⁸.

Early detection and treatment by a specialist at a cancer center are key to improving life expectancy with mesothelioma²⁶²⁷. With the right care, many mesothelioma patients are now living longer and spending more time with their loved ones²⁸.

“I had my mind made up when I was diagnosed, but my wife Jan really encouraged me to see a specialist. That decision ended up giving me years I wouldn’t have had otherwise.”
– Arthur “Art” Putt, Mesothelioma Survivor

Clinical Trials for Mesothelioma

Patients with mesothelioma might join clinical trials to test new treatments, drugs, or therapies. These trials are key to improving mesothelioma care and outcomes²⁹.

Over 70 clinical trials are now open for mesothelioma patients in the U.S²⁹. Yet, only 14% of people said they joined a trial in 2023²⁹. Doctors and support groups urge eligible patients to look into these trials. They’ve led to new treatments approved by the FDA³⁰.

Ongoing Mesothelioma Clinical Trials

Studies for mesothelioma are always changing, covering many treatment ways. Here are some current trials:

• The Olaparib study for pleural mesothelioma in Chicago, Illinois, started in February 2021²⁹.
• The CAR T-Cell Therapy study in New York for pleural mesothelioma, started in October 2020²⁹.
• The Pembrolizumab study in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for pleural mesothelioma, started in January 2023²⁹.
• The Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab study in Chicago, Illinois for peritoneal mesothelioma, started in March 2022²⁹.

Many trials focus on immunotherapy, a new approach that’s shown promise for mesothelioma³⁰.

Trial Location	Trial Name	Mesothelioma Type	Start Date
Chicago, IL	Olaparib Study	Pleural	February 2021
New York, NY	CAR T-Cell Therapy Study	Pleural	October 2020
Philadelphia, PA	Pembrolizumab Study	Pleural	January 2023
Chicago, IL	Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Study	Peritoneal	March 2022

Patients wanting to learn about trials should talk to their doctors and check out trusted websites. Sites like Asbestos.com, Mesothelioma.com, and Mayo Clinic list current trials³⁰.

“Clinical trials are key to better mesothelioma treatments and new therapies. By joining, patients help develop treatments that could save lives.”

Mesothelioma Treatment Research

Researchers are always working on new treatments for mesothelioma. These treatments can make patients live longer, lessen side effects, and improve their life quality. The National Cancer Institute leads the fight against cancer, funding studies at universities and hospitals to find better treatments and ways to detect mesothelioma³¹.

Even though mesothelioma is rare, researchers are tackling it from different angles. They’re looking into how asbestos increases the risk, finding blood markers for early detection, and studying genes that affect risk³¹. Clinical trials are key for treating all stages of mesothelioma³¹. Between 1990 and 2019, fewer people died from mesothelioma, showing progress in treatment and life quality³².

New treatments like Anti-Angiogenics, Cryotherapy, Gene Therapy, and Immunotherapy are being tested in clinical trials³³. Researchers are also looking into combining treatments to help mesothelioma patients more³³. By March 2024, over 70 clinical trials were open for mesothelioma patients³². The FDA has fast-tracked immunotherapy and the UV1 cancer vaccine for treating pleural mesothelioma³².

FAQ

What is mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma is a rare cancer that affects the lining of the lungs or abdomen. It happens decades after exposure to asbestos.

What are the common mesothelioma treatments?

Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. These methods help manage symptoms and increase survival chances.

How does surgery treat mesothelioma?

Surgery removes tumors and stops cancer cells from spreading. It also helps reduce pain in advanced cases.

What is chemotherapy for mesothelioma?

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. It’s often given when surgery isn’t possible. Patients get cisplatin and pemetrexed (Alimta®).

How does radiation therapy treat mesothelioma?

Radiation therapy uses high-energy waves to kill cancer cells. It can make tumors smaller or weaker.

What is immunotherapy for mesothelioma?

Immunotherapy boosts the immune system to fight mesothelioma. In October 2020, the FDA approved Opdivo® and Yervoy® for treatment after showing they extended life expectancy.

What are emerging treatments for mesothelioma?

New treatments like gene therapy and Tumor Treating Fields show promise. Researchers are testing them in clinical trials.

Why is it important to see a mesothelioma specialist?

Mesothelioma is rare and complex. Seeing a specialist at a cancer center is crucial for the best treatment plan.

What is multimodal therapy for mesothelioma?

Multimodal therapy combines treatments for better outcomes. It can extend life and even be considered a cure for some patients.

What is the life expectancy with mesothelioma treatment?

Without treatment, mesothelioma patients live 12-21 months. But, treatment from specialists can help patients live longer and spend more time with loved ones.

What are clinical trials for mesothelioma?

Clinical trials test new treatments and therapies for mesothelioma. Patients can join to access these innovative approaches.

How does mesothelioma treatment research help patients?

Research improves treatment outcomes, manages side effects, and enhances quality of life. It aims to improve cancer care overall.

Source Links

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